Section A. Using the sources and your own knowledge, evaluate the value of these sources for a historian studying the “Thaw” period in Kazakhstan.
↳ ORIGINAL (KAZAKH)
Дереккөздер мен өз біліміңізді пайдалана отырып, Қазақстандағы «жылымық» кезеңін зерттейтін тарихшы үшін берілген дереккөздердің құндылығын бағалаңыз.
SOURCE A · TEXT — On Stalin and the term “enemy of the people”
Analysing this question properly matters so that what happened under J. Stalin is never repeated. … J. Stalin introduced the concept of “enemy of the people”. This concept made it possible to subject any person to the cruellest repression while breaking the norms of law. “Enemy of the people” denied a person any possibility of expressing their own opinion.
Adapted from material in the journal «Известия ЦК КПСС», № 3, 1989.
SOURCE B · TEXT — Extract from a decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet
Considering that the restrictions on the legal status of the Chechens, Ingush and Karachai and their families deported from the North Caucasus during the years of the Great Patriotic War are no longer necessary, the Supreme Soviet of the USSR resolves: 1. That the Chechens, Ingush, Karachai and members of their families deported to special settlements during the Great Patriotic War be removed from the register of special settlements and released from the administrative supervision of the organs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. 2. That it be confirmed that the lifting of the restrictions on special settlement for the peoples named in Article 1 of this Decree does not carry the right to the return of property confiscated at the time of deportation, nor the right to return to their home areas.
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, K. Voroshilov. The Kremlin, 16 July 1956.
SOURCE C · IMAGE — Photograph depicting the collapse of the Stalinist system
A photograph dated 1956, held by the Museum of Contemporary Art, Hungary, captioned as depicting the collapse of the Stalinist system. The image itself is printed on the paper and is not reproduced here — treat it as a photographic source of 1956, contemporary with the events, and evaluate it as such: what a photograph of that date can and cannot tell a historian.
1956. Museum of Contemporary Art, Hungary.
SOURCE D · TEXT — The courage of Zhumabek Tashenev
Zhumabek Tashenev describes his answer to the plan to create a “Virgin Lands region” and attach it to Russia: I told Nikita Sergeyevich that I was against this question being decided at all — indeed against it even being placed on the agenda. N. Khrushchev said: “Who are you to go against the agreement of the Politburo? We trusted you, we raised you to head the republic's government, and this is what you are saying. We will decide this question without you. The Soviet country is one state, and which land is given to which republic is the will of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.” I then said: “Nikita Sergeyevich, if the Supreme Soviet is going to decide the lands of each republic without its local organs, then the Constitution of the USSR and of the national republics must be abolished. Those Constitutions contain articles giving each national republic the right to use its historic land and the wealth in it as its own property. Nobody has the right to change that.” I went on: “If a situation arises in which these laws are not respected, then we will not shrink from complaining even to international legal institutions — we have that right.”
From an article by the Russian sociologist A. Roshchin, published on the «Новые известия» portal, 2018.